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India and China Urged to Prioritize Understanding Amid Renewed Dialogue

In a bid to strengthen ties and mitigate tensions, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi emphasized the importance of mutual understanding and avoiding suspicion during a meeting with Indian Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri on Monday. The meeting precedes scheduled talks with Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Sun Weidong, marking another step in ongoing efforts to stabilize relations following the prolonged military standoff along the Line of Actual Control (LAC).

According to a statement from China’s foreign ministry, Wang Yi underscored the need for both nations to “meet each other halfway” and foster “mutual understanding [and] mutual support,” while refraining from “mutual suspicion [and] mutual alienation.” Wang reiterated that improving China-India relations aligns with the fundamental interests of both nations and contributes to safeguarding the rights of Global South countries.

Progress Since October Agreement

This renewed engagement builds on an understanding reached in October 2023, which facilitated the disengagement of forces at two key friction points, Demchok and Depsang. That agreement was followed by a meeting between Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping in Russia, signaling a commitment to normalize relations.

Since then, diplomatic and military dialogue mechanisms have been reactivated. In recent weeks, high-level engagements have included discussions on the margins of multilateral meetings and a visit to Beijing by India’s National Security Adviser Ajit Doval in December. Wang Yi, who also serves as China’s Special Representative on the border issue, has now met Doval twice in less than five months.

India’s Cautious Approach

India remains measured in its approach, balancing strategic considerations with ongoing discussions. Notable points of contention include China’s calls to ease visa restrictions and resume direct flights, which have been suspended since 2020. While China has pushed for de-emphasizing the border issue in the broader bilateral relationship, India continues to prioritize security and stability along the LAC.

Discussions during the Special Representatives’ meetings have focused on enhancing cross-border cooperation, including the resumption of the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra, data sharing on trans-border rivers, and revitalizing border trade.

Focus on Kailash Mansarovar Yatra and De-escalation

The revival of the Kailash Mansarovar pilgrimage, which has been suspended for four years, is expected to feature prominently in Misri’s talks with Vice Foreign Minister Sun Weidong. Other agenda items include measures to rebuild trust and facilitate de-escalation in the Ladakh sector of the LAC, according to sources familiar with the discussions.

Path Forward

China has emphasized the need to place the border issue in its “appropriate place” within the broader context of trade and investment ties. Meanwhile, India remains firm in addressing security concerns while exploring avenues for cooperation in areas of mutual interest.

The ongoing dialogues represent a cautious yet significant step towards resolving tensions and restoring a more stable and constructive bilateral relationship. Both nations appear to recognize the broader geopolitical and economic implications of their interactions, particularly in relation to the Global South and regional stability.

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