MADRID — A personalised mRNA cancer vaccine combined with immunotherapy has reduced the risk of melanoma recurrence or death by 42% in a Phase 3 clinical trial, according to results announced by Moderna and Merck.
The vaccine, called intismeran autogene, was tested alongside Merck’s Keytruda immunotherapy in more than 1,100 patients with high-risk melanoma whose tumours had been surgically removed.
The treatment is designed using the specific genetic mutations found in each patient’s tumour. It aims to train the immune system to recognise and attack cancer cells.
Two years after treatment, 82.2% of patients who received the combination remained free of recurrence, compared with 70% of those who received Keytruda alone. The combination also reduced the risk of cancer spreading to distant parts of the body or death by 38%.
The findings could represent an important step towards personalised cancer treatment. However, the vaccine remains investigational and is not yet an approved treatment.
The companies plan to engage with regulators on approval submissions. Further evidence will be needed to establish long-term outcomes, safety and the treatment’s potential role in wider cancer care.
The results are promising, but the vaccine should not be interpreted as a universal cancer treatment. Its current evidence relates to a specific combination therapy for patients with high-risk melanoma following surgery.
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